Knowledge

101.Traffic: The passing back and forth of persons over a given carpet surface area

102.Tuft bind: The force required to pull out a tuft from a carpet surface

103.Tufting: A method of carpet manufacture in which surface yarns are sewn through a primary backing material

104.Turns per metre (tpm): The number of times two or more yarns have been plied together in a one metre length

105.Twist: The number of turns in a yarn per unit length (ie, turns per metre). Twist direction may be left handed or right handed (Z or S twist)

106.Unitary carpet:: Carpet used for glue-down installations that has an application of latex back coating to increase tuft bind performance properties without the addition of a secondary backing

107.Velvet texture: A smooth surface texture with individual tufts not visible, on a dense plush carpet

108.Vettermann Drum Tester: A rotatable drum tester for subjected carpet samples to simulated traffic wear. It uses a steel ball with 14 rubber studs rolling randomly inside the drum for a specified number of revolutions

109.Warp: A weaving term for the yarns in woven fabrics and carpets that run lengthwise. They are usually delivered to the loom from a beam. Woven carpets usually have three sets of warp yarns, on separate beams (pile warp, stuffer warp and chain warp)

110.Weaving: A fabric formation process used for manufacturing carpet in which yarns are interlaced to form cloth. The loom interlaces lengthwise (warp) and widthwise (filling) yarns

111.Weft: Yarns which run widthwise in a woven carpet, interlacing with various warp yarns

112.Wilton: A type of woven carpet produced by a jacquard mechanism which uses a computer programme to select yarn colour. The carpets may have patterned or multilevel surfaces

113.Wires: Parts of carpet weaving looms composed of metal rods or blades on which the pile tufts are formed. Round wires form loop pile and flat, sharp wires form cut pile textures

114.Woollen spinning: A spinning method which produces relatively bulky, hairy yarns suitable for carpets. Commonly used with wool

115.Woven backing: The primary or secondary backing fabric used in carpet tufting

116.Woven carpet: Carpet produced by a loom. Slower, more expensive and labour-intensive than tufting

117.Yarn count (or linear density): The mass per unit length in a yarn (ie, tex = grams per km)

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